The U.S. Investment Map and Toolkit for Central Asia

The U.S. Investment Map for Central Asia provides a comprehensive analysis of U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) trends, challenges, and opportunities across Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Produced by the Center for Asia Leadership Initiatives (CALI) under CIPE’s Improving the Business Environment in Central Asia (IBECA) program, it offers insights into U.S. investor perceptions, regional integration, and sectoral dynamics. The report shows that while the U.S. accounts for about 19% of total FDI in the region—roughly $51 billion, largely concentrated in Kazakhstan—trade ties remain underdeveloped. The Map identifies emerging investment opportunities in energy, agriculture, education, and technology, and highlights the importance of harmonized regulations, workforce development, and sustainable growth. It serves as a strategic guide to align investor ambitions with the realities of Central Asia’s evolving landscape.

The U.S. Investment Toolkit for Central Asia complements the Map by offering practical, step-by-step guidance for U.S. investors throughout the investment lifecycle—from market entry to operations and exit. Developed by CALI under CIPE’s Improving the Business Environment in Central Asia (IBECA) program, the Toolkit draws on over 95 interviews, 27 surveys, and extensive legal analysis by Centil Law Firm. It outlines country-specific frameworks, entry options, taxation, licensing, labor laws, and dispute mechanisms. The Toolkit underscores Central Asia’s progress toward transparency and reform while acknowledging persisting barriers such as bureaucratic delays and ownership restrictions in strategic sectors. It concludes with practical recommendations, positioning the document as an essential operational resource for U.S. investors seeking engagement in the region.